James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)

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Close-up images show how stars explode in real time

by Noelle Toumey Reetz, Georgia State University - edited by Gaby Clark, reviewed by Robert Egan

 

Astronomers have captured images of two stellar explosions—known as novae—within days of their eruption and in unprecedented detail. The breakthrough provides direct evidence that these explosions are more complex than previously thought, with multiple outflows of material and, in some cases, dramatic delays in the ejection process.

 

"Novae are more than fireworks in our galaxy—they are laboratories for extreme physics," said Professor Laura Chomiuk, a co-author from Michigan State University and an expert on stellar explosions. "By seeing how and when the material is ejected, we can finally connect the dots between the nuclear reactions on the star's surface, the geometry of the ejected material and the high-energy radiation we detect from space."

 

The findings challenge the long-held view that nova eruptions are single, impulsive events. Instead, they point to a variety of ejection pathways, including multiple outflows and delayed envelope release, reshaping our understanding of these cosmic blasts.

 

"This is just the beginning," Aydi said. "With more observations like these, we can finally start answering big questions about how stars live, die and affect their surroundings. Novae, once seen as simple explosions, are turning out to be much richer and more fascinating than we imagined."

 

Article link:

https://phys.org/news/2025-12-images-stars-real.html#lightbox

 

Pic Descriptions:
Artistic impression of Nova V1674 Herculis. Credit: The CHARA Array

 

Scientists at Georgia State's CHARA Array captured images of Nova V1674 Herculis—one of the fastest stellar explosions on record. Images of Nova V1674 Herculis obtained 2.2 days (left) and 3.2 days (middle) after the explosion. The images reveal the formation of two distinct, perpendicular outflows of gas, as highlighted by the green arrows. The panel on the right shows an artistic impression of the explosion. Credit: The CHARA Array

 

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NASA’s Webb Identifies Earliest Supernova to Date, Shows Host Galaxy

December 09, 2025 11:00am Release ID: 2025-137

 

Summary

The telescope captured near-infrared light from one of the earliest stars seen to explode in the history of the universe.

 

With a few near-infrared snapshots, the James Webb Space Telescope nailed down the source of a super bright flash of light known as a gamma-ray burst, generated when a massive star exploded when the universe was only 730 million years old.

 

And, for the first time at this point in the history of the universe, the telescope provided a detection of the resulting supernova’s host galaxy.

 

Webb’s quick-turn observations verified data taken by telescopes around the world that were following the gamma-ray burst that turned up in mid-March.

 

Article link:

https://www.stsci.edu/contents/news-releases/2025/news-2025-137.html/

 

Pic Description [1]:

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope identified the source of a super bright flash of light known as a gamma-ray burst: a supernova that exploded when the universe was only 730 million years old. Webb’s high-resolution near-infrared images also detected the supernova’s host galaxy.

Image: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Andrew Levan (Radboud University); Image Processing: Alyssa Pagan (STScI)

 

With this observation, Webb also broke its own record: The previous chart-topping supernova exploded when the universe was 1.8 billion years old.

 

Pic Description [2]:

This two-part illustration represents supernova GRB 250314A as it was exploding and three months after that, when Webb observed it. Webb confirmed the supernova occurred when the universe was only 730 million years old. The star clusters at top-left represent its host galaxy.

Artwork: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Leah Hustak (STScI)

 

Edited December 9 by ➕👇 ꓤꓱꓷꓠꓵ🎵Tone

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NASA's Roman Telescope Will Observe Thousands of Newfound Cosmic Voids

December 15, 2025 10:00am Release ID: 2025-201

 

Summary

The resulting “big data” will help illuminate the nature of dark energy.

 

What do fizzing champagne glasses and our universe have in common? They’re both full of bubbles! The cosmic bubbles are vast structures hundreds of millions of light-years across. Their walls are outlined by collections of galaxies. The details of these bubbles – their size, shape, and distribution – can tell us more about the mysterious force known as dark energy that is causing the universe’s expansion to accelerate. The upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will detect and measure tens of thousands of cosmic voids, some as small as just 20 million light-years across.

 

Full Article:

https://www.stsci.edu/contents/news-releases/2025/news-2025-201

 

Video [1min] Description:

This narrated video sequence illustrates how the Roman Space Telescope will be able to observe cosmic voids in the universe. These highly detailed measurements will help constrain cosmological models.

 

Video Link:

https://youtu.be/jk7RIoxcnSo?si=BI7MSr7IhoEnuHnr

 

 

 

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NASA's Hubble Sees Asteroids Colliding at Nearby Star for First Time
18 Dec 2025 2:00pm Release ID: 2025

Summary
The spectacular, resulting dust cloud mimics the appearance of a planet.

First you don’t see it, now you do! While Hubble astronomers were repeatedly viewing the nearby star Fomalhaut and its planetary system, they suddenly saw a point of light appear out of nowhere. This object did not show up in any of their previous observations. The scientists quickly realized that Hubble had captured the violent collision of two massive objects, an extraordinary event unlike anything in our own present-day solar system. The huge debris cloud created by this impact looked like a newly found exoplanet.

 

Article link:
https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/nasas-hubble-sees-asteroids-colliding-at-nearby-star-for-first-time/

 

Video explanation  [3min]:

 

 

Pic Description [1]:
This composite Hubble Space Telescope image shows the debris ring and dust clouds cs1 and cs2 around the star Fomalhaut. Fomalhaut itself is masked out to allow the fainter features to be seen. Its location is marked by the white star.
Image: NASA, ESA, Paul Kalas (UC Berkeley); Image Processing: Joseph DePasquale (STScI)

 

Pic Description [2]:
This artist's concept shows the sequence of events leading up to the creation of dust cloud cs2 around the star Fomalhaut. In Panel 1, the star Fomalhaut appears in the top left corner. Two white dots, located in the bottom right corner, represent the two massive objects in orbit around Fomalhaut. In Panel 2, the objects approach each other. Panel 3 shows the violent collision of these two objects. In Panel 4, the resulting dust cloud cs2 becomes visible and starlight pushes the dust grains away from the star.
Artwork: NASA, ESA, STScI, Ralf Crawford (STScI)

Edited Thursday at 09:44 PM by ➕👇 ꓤꓱꓷꓠꓵ🎵Tone

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Runaway Black Hole Escapes Its Galaxy—and It’s Leaving Baby Stars in Its Wake

The Webb telescope confirmed one of the fastest moving celestial objects ever detected.
By Passant Rabie 19 Dec 2025

 

A supermassive black hole that’s 10 million times the mass of the Sun is hurtling through space, leaving a trail of gas that’s spawning newborn stars in its wake. Astronomers have long theorized about runaway black holes, but none have been observed until now.

The Webb space telescope confirmed the first runaway black hole, which broke away from its home galaxy for a speedy life on the run. The black hole is one of the fastest-moving objects observed in the cosmos, traveling at a speed of 2.2 million miles per hour (1,000 kilometers per second). At that speed, it could travel from Earth to the Moon in 14 minutes, according to NASA...

 

“It boggles the mind!” Pieter van Dokkum, a researcher at Yale University and lead author of the new study, told Space.com. “The forces that are needed to dislodge such a massive black hole from its home are enormous. And yet, it was predicted that such escapes should occur!”

Article link: 
https://gizmodo.com/runaway-black-hole-escapes-its-galaxy-and-its-leaving-baby-stars-in-its-wake-2000701981

 

Pic Description: 
An illustration of a runaway supermassive black hole that was ejected from its host galaxy. NASA, ESA, Leah Hustak (STScI)

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'A scale almost too big to imagine' Scientists spot monster black hole roaring with winds at more than 130 million mph

By Joanna Thompson 12 Dec 2025

 

A black hole 30 million times the mass of the sun has produced winds one-fifth the speed of light, stunning scientists.

 

The black hole, located 135 million light-years from Earth in the center of the NGC 3783 spiral galaxy, caught researchers' attention after emitting a huge X-ray flare. As the burst died down, it left winds of more than 37,000 miles per second (60,000 kilometers per second) — one-fifth the speed of light — howling in its wake.

 

"We've not watched a black hole create winds this speedily before," Liyi Gu, an astronomer at Space Research Organisation Netherlands who led the research, said in a statement...

 

The scientists detailed their discovery in a paper published Dec. 9 in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.

 

Article link: 

https://www.livescience.com/space/black-holes/a-scale-almost-too-big-to-imagine-scientists-spot-monster-black-hole-roaring-with-winds-at-more-than-130-million-mph

 

Pic Description: 

An illustration of a flaring black hole releasing a powerful blast of wind

A black hole with the mass of 30 million suns is roaring with winds one fifth the speed of light. (Image credit: European Space Agency (ESA))

 

 

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Hubble Glimpses Galactic Gas Making a Getaway

By NASA Hubble Mission Team 19 Dec 2025

 

A sideways spiral galaxy shines in this NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image. Located about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo (the Maiden), NGC 4388 is a resident of the Virgo galaxy cluster. This enormous cluster of galaxies contains more than a thousand members and is the nearest large galaxy cluster to the Milky Way.

 

NGC 4388 appears to tilt at an extreme angle relative to our point of view, giving us a nearly edge-on prospect of the galaxy. This perspective reveals a curious feature that wasn’t visible in a previous Hubble image of this galaxy released in 2016: a plume of gas from the galaxy’s nucleus, here seen billowing out from the galaxy’s disk toward the lower-right corner of the image.

 

Article link: 

https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-glimpses-galactic-gas-making-a-getaway/

 

Pic Description: 

This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features the galaxy NGC 4388, a member of the Virgo galaxy cluster.

ESA/Hubble & NASA, S. Veilleux, J. Wang, J. Greene

 

 

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2 hours ago, ➕👇 ꓤꓱꓷꓠꓵ🎵Tone said:

'A scale almost too big to imagine' Scientists spot monster black hole roaring with winds at more than 130 million mph

By Joanna Thompson 12 Dec 2025

 

A black hole 30 million times the mass of the sun has produced winds one-fifth the speed of light, stunning scientists.

 

The black hole, located 135 million light-years from Earth in the center of the NGC 3783 spiral galaxy, caught researchers' attention after emitting a huge X-ray flare. As the burst died down, it left winds of more than 37,000 miles per second (60,000 kilometers per second) — one-fifth the speed of light — howling in its wake.

 

"We've not watched a black hole create winds this speedily before," Liyi Gu, an astronomer at Space Research Organisation Netherlands who led the research, said in a statement...

 

The scientists detailed their discovery in a paper published Dec. 9 in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.

 

Article link: 

https://www.livescience.com/space/black-holes/a-scale-almost-too-big-to-imagine-scientists-spot-monster-black-hole-roaring-with-winds-at-more-than-130-million-mph

 

Pic Description: 

An illustration of a flaring black hole releasing a powerful blast of wind

A black hole with the mass of 30 million suns is roaring with winds one fifth the speed of light. (Image credit: European Space Agency (ESA))

 

 

Wow so that's how the universe was created 😅

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Glittering new James Webb telescope image shows an 'intricate web of chaos' 

Photo of the week By Jamie Carter 4 hours ago

 

This mash-up of data from the James Webb Space Telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory reveals two galaxies mid-collision, with their spiral arms overlapping and bending toward their neighbors' cores.

 

Quick Facts:

What it is: The spiral galaxies NGC 2207 and IC 2163

Where it is: 120 million light-years away, in the constellation Canis Major

When it was shared: Dec. 1, 2025

 

A stark new portrait of two colliding spiral galaxies combines different kinds of light to evoke the colors, shapes and moods of autumn. The image, which shows the galaxies NGC 2207 (lower right) and IC 2163 (upper left), was created by combining infrared light captured by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) with X-ray light from the Chandra X-ray Observatory.

 

The spectacular layered image of NGC 2207 and IC 2163 is one of four Chandra-based composites that were published at the same time. The other three include NGC 6334, a star-forming region known for its arcs of glowing gas and dust; supernova remnant G272.2-0.3, where hot X-ray-emitting gas fills an expanding shell; and a star system called R Aquarii, where a white dwarf star sucks material from a red giant star.

 

Article link: 

https://www.livescience.com/space/glittering-new-james-webb-telescope-image-shows-an-intricate-web-of-chaos-space-photo-of-the-week

 

Pic Description: 

The spectacular layered image of NGC 2207 and IC 2163 is one of four Chandra-based composites that were published at the same time. The other three include NGC 6334, a star-forming region known for its arcs of glowing gas and dust; supernova remnant G272.2-0.3, where hot X-ray-emitting gas fills an expanding shell; and a star system called R Aquarii, where a white dwarf star sucks material from a red giant star.

 

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25 years from the ESA & Hubble

 

From planets to planetary nebula, and from star formation to supernova explosions, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured a wealth of astronomical objects in its 25-year career. This montage presents 25 images that sample the space telescope’s rich contribution to our understanding of the Universe around us.

 

Follow the links below for more information and credits.

 

At the centre of the montage is star cluster Westerlund 2, the image released on the occasion of Hubble’s 25th anniversary.

 

From left to right; 

Top row:

[ED Or, test your knowledge and name them first. Lol]

 

Interacting galaxies

Abell 2218

Comet ISON

Jupiter

Green filament in the Teacup galaxy 

Star formation in 30 Doradus 

Interacting galaxies Arp 273

 

Second row:

Saturn

The Ring Nebula 

“Mystic Mountain” in the Carina Nebula 

Crab nebula

 

Third row:

The horsehead nebula 

Carina Nebula 

Planetary nebula NGC 6302

Star formation in M17

 

Fourth row:

Globular cluster NGC 121 

“Pillars of creation” 

Ring galaxy AM 0644-741

 

Fifth row:

Colliding galaxies Arp 272

Star cluster NGC 602

Hubble Ultra Deep Field 

Mars 

Variable star RS Puppis 

Orion Nebula

 

Link to webpage for individual links to images:

https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2015/04/Hubble_25_with_title

 

Edited 2 hours ago by ➕👇 ꓤꓱꓷꓠꓵ🎵Tone